620-3033HONEYWELL霍尼韦尔分析了实验室检定电流互感器误差时常见的问题:极性反,变比错,二次开路,误差显示异常等。并针对这些问题给出了相应的分析和解决办法。引言电流互感器是计量法规定的强制检定产品,按照检定规程的规定,每两年都要对测量用电流互感器进行检定。因此实验室检定电流互感器,考核其误差是否合格,对于电流互感器的量值传递,溯源,以及电能计量具有重要意义。分析检定电流互感器误差过程中常见问题,提出相应的解决办法,对于实验室正确检定电流互感器,保证检定结果的公正、准确、可靠非常必要。1电流互感器的检定方法及检定线路实验室检定电流感器时,就是将被测电流互感器与同电流比的标准电流互感器进行比较,由升流器供给标准电流互感器和被测电流互感器相同的一次电流,标准电流互感器的二次电流通过互感器校验仪的标准回路,被测电流互感器与标准电流互感器二次电流的差值流入互感器校验仪的差值回路,然后由互感器、校验仪读出误差数据。电流互感器的误差ε由电流误差(即比值差)f和相位差(即角差)δ组成即:2实验室检定电流互感器常见问题：(1)极性反;(2)变比错;(3)二次开路;(4)校验仪误差读数异常。3问题分析3.1极性反检定电流互感器时,要求将标准电流互感器和被测电流互感器一次侧和二次侧极性端对接,极性反!缘于标准电流互感器或被测电流互感器一次或二次极性接反。一般互感器检验仪都具有极性反!报警功能。当校验仪显示极性反!报警时,只要将标准电流互感器或被测电流互感器极性端对调即可。3.2变比错检定电流互感器时,要求标准电流互感器与被测电流互感器的电流比相同,出现变比错!的情况即是标准电流互感器与被测电流互感器电流比不同,这时互感器校验仪的读数会超出相应准确度等级的电流互感器误差限值,如果电流比相差较大,还可能超出相应准确度等级的互感器校验仪的显示范围。这时应仔细核对被测电流互感器与标准电流互感器的电流比是否一致,保证二者的电流比相同即可。3.3二次开路检定电流互感器时,电流互感器二次严禁开路。如果电流互感器二次开路,则电流互感器二次会产生高压,危及人身安全,如果在检定电流互感器时,标准电流互感器或被测电流互感器二次开路(或二次回路开路)则互感器校验仪表现为:虽然调压器输出电压增长很快但校验仪百分表增长缓慢,一般不超过5%的额定电流。这时应使调压器回零,认真检查检定线路,确保接线正确。3.4校验仪误差读数异常校验仪误差读数异常表现为以下两种情况:(1)读数为零;(2)读数超出被测电流互感器准确等级的误差限值。对于情况一,一般情况下是因为校验仪差值回路没有差流,也即K、D回路无差值信号,这时应检查检定线路差值回路是否短路或是否开路即可。对于情况二,则应仔细分析出现这种情况的各种可能。(1)互感器校验仪超差。互感器校验仪超差时,应通过互感器校验仪整体检定装置来检定互感器校验仪是否合格,确保互感器校验仪2级的准确度等级。或者用以下线路图2来验证:(2)标准电流互感器超差。标准电流互感器超差一般为补偿元件烧坏,导致标准电流互感器误差超出其误差限值,这时可用电流互感器的自校线路,来验证其误差是否合格,线路如图3所示,或用另一台合格的标准电流互感器来检定以确定是否为标准电流互感器超差。(3)标准电流互感器二次回路或被测电流互感器二次回路阻抗超差。标准电流互感器二次回路阻搞超差时会导致标准电流互感器误差增大,如果标准电流互感器的误差大到低于被测电流互感器准确度等级两个级别时,会将标准电流互感器的误差加到被测电流互感器误差中,由式(2)和式(3)可知,,fx=fp+f0,δx=δp+δ0,这时f0和δ0就不能忽略不计。被测互感器二次回路阻抗增大,可直接导致被测互感器误差增大。这时应用电流互感器二次回路测阻抗线路来验证二者的二次回路阻抗是否超差。如图4、图5所示。4结束语以上分析了实验室检定电流互感器时可能遇到的问题,并且提出了相应的解决办法,在日常的检定工作中,应熟练掌握一般电流互感器的检定原理及检定线路,对于常用的互感器校验仪,标准电流互感器,电流负荷箱应定期检定,确保检定结果的正确。AI523AO523DC522DC551-CS31DI524TA521TA524TB511-ETHTU516TU551-CS31193-EA2KE6181P-15TPXPDCASR1,5-PPS-L245-SPP44220-1170MDX61B0005-5A3-4-00MDX61B0014-5A3-4-00MDX61B0022-5A3-4-00MDX61B0030-5A3-4-00MDX61B0055-5A3-4-00MDX61B0110-5A3-4-007504317505307506007508421756-DNB1756-L631756-PA756SN1123-1AA01-0FA14PP120.0571-01DSQC6793HAC028357-001140CPU651601756-CNB/D1756-ENBT/A1794-OE121757-SRMCACR-SR03BE12MUSAMED-03B212711P-RDK10CE10631756-L73PCI-5565PIORC-110000VMIVME-5565-110000IC697BEM7331788-DNBO35677BE5071CHP3577IMASI23NDBU95CRDCU-02CTC501V1501794-TB3JAMSC-C81106ES7421-1BL01-0AA06ES7422-7BL00-0AB06ES7431-0HH00-0AB06ES7431-1KF20-0AB01756-L55M13PTQ-PDPMV1IC200ALG620BUS624-38/55-54-0140CPS1142015-GMI-500-1200-37,1200A,10KV影卡MM-40DSAI130DSAI145/146DSDI120ADSTA145DSTA131DSTD150A3G3EV-AB007MA-CUES11746-NI81123337-11123338-11123339-11123340-11123341-11123343-1192991-0648192991-0656316837-2316838-1964269-2964273-2964274-2964302-1HD10-9-1939PHD36-24-23STHD36-24-31ST6GT2301-0CA00CP1H-Y20DT-DCP1W-CIF01IC200ALG620440R-G23029440R-G23067CPCR-MR01CCDP-01-MMM1113188/MS-8006SN1118-0DM33-0AA059704SEP383MR-SA22IC695CMU310SK829007-BSK829007-DA06B-6079-H2083224H-PC-60SR469-P5-HI-A20-E-H110XCA20300110XCA28201140ACI03000140CPS12420140CRA93200140DDI84100140DDO84300TWDLCAA40DRF6FC5210-0DF22-2AA06FC5248-0AF20-2AA0MA-0185-1006GT2301-0CA00DSAI130DSAI145/146DSDI120ADSTA145DSTA131DSTD150ATAD1641GE140CPS11100ATV12H018M21746-NI8140CPU11302140CPU11303S3100-26TP-SIRMS-TSG-TZCL02A310TJAO810AO845DI810DO810140DDI364006SE7024-7ED61-ZCPM1A-MAD02CPM2A-40CDR-AZ4203B1756-IR6I1756-TBNHTZID-C18345FL1C-H12RCCP0940BRABE-7R16S111JDTH-2250-JL-1C3HAC025097-0013HAC12928-135-W1005P-02L-XUL6SC6100-0GB12CSB01.1N-PB-EMS-NNN-NN-S-NN-FW1746-NI43HAC5689-1SFHA36AT02501785-PFBRINGVRD3501746-IV161746-IV321746-NI41746-OV161746-P41747-L5322711-K5A2140CPS11420140DDI35300140DDO353001746-P11756-BA11756-BA2ACS800-01-0100-3NM100ABN45UV5-11016ES71532AR030XB56ES71957HB000XA06ES7195IGG300XAOIC693ACC310IC693CHS391IC693CPU363IC693MDL241IC693MDL940IC693PWR322IIMCP02JEPMC-PC0401747-CP31761-CBL-PM021784-U2CN1784-U2DN2711-NC139300-USBSSENTRYS1510FX1N-60MR-3A001IC693ALG221IC693CPU331IC693MDL645IC693MDL940IC693PWR322LC92-1001NGDR-03140DAO84210140XTS00200PCI-6515IC697CGR935DSAI130DSAI145/146DSDI120ADSTA145DSTA131DSTD150APXI-83303BHB006449R00023BHE003523R00303BHE007154R00031794-IB321794-IE121794-OB321794-OE12DSAI130DSAI145/146DSDI120ADSTA131DSTA145DSTD150A3HAC17333-13HAC17335-1DSQC5093HAC5687-1SGA160/31D-0AAA140CPS11420362A1052P104SPA-2X1GE-V2A860-2020-T301QUINT-PS-100-240VAC/24VDC/20FBM02（带线槽）FBM05（带线槽）6ES7232-OHD22-OXA06GK7243-1EX01-0XE0140CPS11420FI20162-16FC4100-1AA00-ZRM7800L1012490NAA27103990NAD23000C697BEM733IC697CGR935F258MM15540-MDXD-32A015540-MMMB-1100140ACI04000140XBP01000VPM-8120X-50606KG1143002X1B1FCM10E6AV6642-0BA01-1AX16AV6643-0CD01-1AX1A06B-6079-H106A06B-6102-H222#H5206EP1437-3BA00PX-610A-00ESGDM-05ADAQD54-S1FBM01FBM41FBM421770-CD101784-PKTX1785-L20B1785-L30BIEMMU216DD1842-0AD1330130-040-00-05FVR004E7S-4FVR008E7SFVR015G7S-4EXFVR015K7S-23HAC17333-1M333HAC17335-1M3531C007-503-4-0086120CANT-20SECSA8000MP1552BMS9710CTDS2024CMHDA1008N001756－IF162094-BC01-M01-S140CPS224006GK1104-0AA00140ERT854101X00416H011783-EMS08TTM218LDA24DRNTM2AMM3HTTM2DMM8DRTTM2DOCKN22B-D4P0N1044WREE6E16-22/G24K31/A1V-6551769-ECRSGDV-2R8A11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