轧辊由辊身、辊颈和轴头二部分组成。辊颈安装在轴承中，并通过袖承座和压下装置把轧制力传给机架。铂头和连接轴相连接，传递轧制扭矩。轴头有三种主要形式；梅花轴头、万向轴头、带键槽的或圆柱形轴头。

The roll is of two parts of the roller body, the neck of the roll and the shaft head. The roll neck is installed in the bearing and passes through the sleeve bearing seat and the press down device to the rack. The platinum head is connected to the connecting shaft to transfer the rolling torque. There are three main forms of the shaft; the shaft of a plum, a universal shaft, or a cylindrical shaft with a keyway.

轧机上使金属产生连续塑性变形的主要工作部件和工具。轧辊主要由辊身、辊颈和轴头3部分组成。

辊身是实际参与轧制金属的轧辊中间部分。它具有光滑的圆柱形或带轧槽的表面。辊颈安装在轴承中，并通过轴承座和压下装置把轧制力传给机架。

The roller body is the middle part of the roll that actually takes part in rolling the metal. It has a ***ooth cylinder or a surface with a groove. The roller neck is installed in the bearing and passes the rolling force to the rack through the bearing seat and the press down device. .

19世纪下半叶欧洲炼钢技术的进步要求轧制更大吨位的钢锭，无论是灰铸铁或冷硬铸铁轧辊的强度均已不能满足要求。含碳量为0.4%～0.6%普通铸钢轧辊相应诞生。重型锻压设备的出现更使这种成分的锻造轧辊的强韧性得到进一步提高。

In the second half of the nineteenth Century, the progress of steelmaking technology in Europe requires larger tonnage steel ingots to be rolled. Neither the strength of gray iron or chilled cast iron rolls can meet the requirements. The ordinary cast steel roll with a carbon content of 0.4% to 0.6% is born accordingly. The emergence of he***y forging equipment makes the strength and toughness of the forging roll of this component further improved.

弄清轧辊的使用条件以及在同类型轧机中所用轧辊的失效方式，了解当前各种轧辊材质的性能和制造工艺，才能较正确地制定该轧机用辊的技术条件和选用合适而经济的轧辊材质。

We must know clearly the condition of the roller and the failure way of the roll used in the same type of rolling mill, and understand the performance and manufacturing technology of all kinds of roller material at present, so that we can correctly formulate the technical conditi of the roller and choose the right and economical roller material.