精整，是轧钢生产过程中后一个工序，也是较为复杂的一个工序。他对产品的质量起着终的保证作用。产品的技术要求不同，精整工序的内容也不大相同。精整的工序通常又包括钢材的卷取，轧后冷却，矫直，成品热处理，成品表面清理以及各种涂色等许多具体工序。

Finishing is the last process in the steel rolling process, and it is also a more complicated process. He has a final guarantee of the quality of the product. The technical requirements of the product are different, and the content of the finishing process is not the same. The finishing process usually includes steel coiling, cooling, straightening products, heat treatment, surface cleaning products and various color and many other specific processes.

纵轧是纵向轧制的简称，是被轧物体通过两个反向转动的轧辊得到加工的轧制方法，轧制时轧件通过辊面间缝隙向前运动，其运动方向与轧辊轴线垂直。（4）料型控制不好，或有条头和开花头现象，使切分刀不能顺利切开料型。纵轧是轧制中常见的一种轧制方法，横轧是轧件围绕自身中心线在轧辊间旋转，并且轧件旋转中心线与轧辊轴线平行，轧件只在横向受到压力加工的一种轧制的方法。

Longitudinal rolling is the abbreviation of longitudinal rolling. It is the rolling method of rolled object through two reversing rolls. When rolling, the workpiece moves forward through the gap between the rolls, and its direction of motion is perpendicular to the axis of the roller. Longitudinal rolling is the most common rolling method in rolling. Cross rolling is a rolling method for rolling pieces that rotate around the center line between the rolls, and the axis of the rolling piece is parallel to the axis of the rolls. The rolling piece is only subjected to pressure on the transverse side.

棒材穿水冷却装置的基本原理是什么？

在精轧机后设有一个由数个水冷箱组成的可调水冷段，对棒材进行急剧冷却，使棒材表面形成马氏体***，在随后的温度***过程中，芯部热量散出对表面马氏体***可产生回火作用，结果棒材表面层为回火马氏体，芯部为细粒珠光体及索氏体***。对于型钢，轧件在孔型中轧制，并且在每个孔型中轧制一道，因此，型钢的变形制度是以孔型的形式表示的，孔型的设计确定后变形制度就确定了。这种***结构使棒材屈服极限和韧性提高，并具有良好的可焊性。

What is the basic principle of the bar water cooling device?

After the finishing mill, there is an adjustable water cooling section of several water cooling boxes. The rod material is cooled sharply to form martensite structure. During the subsequent temperature recovery process, the heat of the core can produce tempering on the surface martensite, and the surface layer of the rod is tempered martensite, the core is fine pearlite and Soxhlet body. This structure improves the yield limit and toughness of bars, and has good solderability.