自由锻。指用简单的通用性工具，或在锻造设备的上、下砧铁之间直接对坯料施加外力,使坯料产生变形而获得所需的几何形状及内部质量的锻件的加工方法。 采用自由锻方法生产的锻件称为 自由锻件。

Free forging. It refers to the processing method of forgings directly using the external force between the upper and the lower anvil of forging equipment, so as to get the required geometry and internal quality by applying external force directly to the billet. Forgings produced by free forging are called free forgings.

锻造生产加热设备和锻压设备不可少，这些设备释放大量热能，需要我们在通风净化环境中进行。锻造工具种类繁多，也是密集型作业，要求每个技术人员都不能马虎，坚守自己的岗位，嘈杂的环境需要冷静的技师，不能随意操作。

Forged production of heating equipment and forging equipment can not be less, these release a large amount of heat energy, we need to carry out in the ventilation and purification environment. There are various kinds of forging tools, which are also intensive operati***. Every technician is not allowed to be careless and stick to their. The noisy environment needs a cool technician and can not be arbitrarily operated.

镦粗 镦粗是对原坯料沿轴向锻打，使其高度减低、横截面增大的操作过程。这种工序常用于锻造齿轮坯和其他圆盘形类锻件。镦粗分为全部镦粗和局部锻粗两种。

Upsetting and upsetting is the process of forging the original billet along the axis, reducing its height and increasing its cross section. This process is usually used to forge gear blanks and other disc shaped forgings. The upsetting is divided into two kinds of upsetting and local forgings.