轧机上使金属产生连续塑性变形的主要工作部件和工具。轧辊主要由辊身、辊颈和轴头3部分组成。

辊身是实际参与轧制金属的轧辊中间部分。它具有光滑的圆柱形或带轧槽的表面。辊颈安装在轴承中，并通过轴承座和压下装置把轧制力传给机架。

The roller body is the middle part of the roll that actually takes part in rolling the metal. It has a ***ooth cylinder or a surface with a groove. The roller neck is installed in the bearing and passes the rolling force to the rack through the bearing seat and the press down device. .

冷轧辊在工作过程中要承受很大的轧制应力，加上轧件的焊缝、夹杂、边裂等问题，容易导致瞬间高温，使工作辊受到强烈热冲击，造成裂纹、粘辊、剥落甚至报废。因此，冷轧辊要有抵抗因弯曲应力、扭转应力、剪切应力引起的开裂和剥落的能力，同时也要有高的耐磨性。

Cold roll must bear a lot of rolling stress in the working process, add the weld, inclusion and edge crack of the rolled piece, which can easily lead to instantaneous high temperature, so that the work roll is subjected to strong heat shock, which causes crack, roll, peeling and even scrap. Therefore, the cold roller must resist the ability of cracking and spalling caused by bending stress, torsional stress and shearing stress, and also has high wear resistance.

轧辊的无损检测通常用超声波探伤仪进行。冷轧辊探伤标准中通常把辊身依受力情况分成表面区、中心区和中间区，然后依断裂力学原理分别规定各区允许存在的缺陷的临界尺寸。

Nondestructive testing of rolls is usually carried out by ultrasonic flaw detectors. In the testing standard of cold roll, the roll body is usually divided into the surface area, the center area and the middle area according to the force condition, and then the critical dimensi of the defects are allowed in each area according to the principle of fracture mechanics.