扬中外语翻译中心信息推荐「多图」
作者:镇江译林翻译2021/11/22 3:42:41



翻译成汉语的主动句

  将英语中的被动结构翻译成汉语的主动结构时,往往可以分成以下几种不同的情况。

  ① 保留英语原句中的主语。

  例如:

  1)All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.

  当他们到达时,所有的票都售完了。

  2)Theatre will be reinvented and become much freer and more imaginative.

  戏剧将脱胎换骨,变得更为自由,更富想象力。

  3)Nuclear power’s danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.

  核能对健康、安全、甚至对生命本身所构成的***可以用一个词来概括:辐射。

  ② 将主语翻译为宾语。

  在动作发出者不言自明或难以言明时,英语常用被动句。而汉语在这种情况下,往往需要添加“有人”、“大家”、“别人”、“人们”之类的泛称主语。例如:

  1)I was told not to trust what I read in the newspaper.

  有人告诉我不要相信报纸上的消息。

  2)It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well, but on television everything is much more living, much more real.

  可能有人会指出,无线电广播同样也能做到这一点,但还是电视屏幕上的节目要生动、真实得多。

  3)It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his character and later personality.




译成汉语的被动语态

  英语中的许多被动句也可以翻译成汉语的被动句,句中经常使用汉语中表示被动意义的一些标志词,如“被”、“给”、“遭”、“挨”、“为……所”、“使”、“由……”、“受到”等。例如:

  1)These signals are produced by colliding stars or nuclear reacti in outer space.

  这些讯号是由外层空间的星球碰撞或者核反应所造成的。

  2)Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation h***e largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.

  多年来,工具和技术本身作为根本性的源泉在很大程度上被科学史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。

  3)For a long period to come, most of China’s elderly will continue to be provided for by their families.

  在未来很长的一段时间里,中国的老年人仍旧要由他们的家庭来赡养。






用重复法译出名词复数⑴I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sportcreates goodw ill between the nati.这句话中的nati是复数,在翻译between the nati时,宜重复“***”,译为“***与***之间”,要比译为“***之间”更清楚明确。全句可译为“人们常说体育能使***与***之间产生友谊,我听了总是感到吃惊”。⑵A data processor can issue address and function codes.句中的codes为复数,受到address和function的双重修饰,可译为“地址码”和“功能码”,“码”字被重复译出。全句可译为“数据处理器可发出地址码和功能码”,比译为“地址和功能码”更确切。⑶He was concerned mainly the historical relati betweenlanguages.这句中的languages是复数,between languages译为“语言与语言之间”比译为“语言之间”更清楚明了。全句可译为“他主要研究语言与语言之间的历史关系”。⑷Practically every river has an upper,amiddle and a low2er part.译为:事实上每条河都有上游、中游和下游。在英文句中,part只出现一次,而汉译时,把“游”用了3次,译成“上游、中游和下游”比译成“上、中和下游”更符合汉语习惯。这类名词通常与apairof搭配使用,如:apairofscissors一把剪刀,apairoftrousers一副眼镜,等。⑸I don′t like chocolate icecream,Iprefer vanilla.在翻译这句话之前,首先要搞清楚英语表达的省略习惯,由于英语表达尽量避免重复,所以在vanilla之后省掉了icecream,而汉语表达则不怕重复,翻译时应尽量重复译出,这句话译为:我不喜欢巧克力冰淇淋,我更喜欢香草冰淇淋。




下面为大家整理了科技英语的翻译技巧,供广大译员学习。

     科技文章中经常使用若干特定的句型,从而形成科技文体区别于其他文体的标志。例如It——that——结构句型;被动态结构句型;结构句型,分词短语结构句型,省略句结构句型等。

  举例如下:

  It is evident that a well lubricated bearing turns more easily than a dry one.

  显然,润滑好的轴承,比不润滑的轴承容易转动。

  It seems that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting.

  看来这两个科学分支是相互依存,相互作用的。

  It was not until the 19th century that heat was cidered as a form of energy.

  直到十九世纪人们才认识到热是能量的一种形式。

  Computers may be classified as analog and digital.

  计算机可分为模拟计算机和数字计算机两种。

  The switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened three times.

  新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了三分之二。(或——缩短为三分之一。)

  This steel alloy is believed to be the best ***ailable here .

  人们认为这种合金钢是这里能提供的1好的合金钢。

  Electromagnetic w***es tr***el at the same speed as light.



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