表语从句
It seems that it is going to snow.
看起来要下雪了。
That is why Jack got scolded.
这就是杰克受到训斥的原因。
The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people.
问题是我们能否赢得大多数人民群众的支持。
His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.
他对新闻界的看法是,记者们不是支持他,就是反对他。
用增词法译出名词复数汉语是赖以加数量词或其它词的方式表示复数之意,而英语是赖以名词词尾的复杂变化形式表示复数。一般说来,在汉译英语复数名词时,应该增补表示复数含义的词,如“们”、“好几个”、“许多”、“那些”、“一批”、“一些”、“各个” 等等。这样会使语义更加明确、完整。***化的国际背景无疑直接冲击着体现语言、文化交流的本地化翻译。如:⑴But that the old workers helped us,we should h***efailed.本句中的名词复数workers应当译出,全句可译为“要不是老工人们的帮助,我们早就失败了”。⑵The moving parts of a machine are often oiled that fric2tion may be greatly reduced.在翻译这句话时,1好把parts的复数含义表达出来,增加“各个”一词,译为“机器的各个可动部件常常涂上润滑油,以便大大减少摩擦”。⑶The meals can be had at the restaurant,the workers′canteen and the school dinning2room.汉译时,把meals用增词法译为“一日三餐”,全句可译成“一日三餐可以在饭馆里、工厂食堂里或学校饭厅里吃”。
长句直译的误区
在较长的英语句子中存在着比较复杂的关系,很难按原则顺序用一句汉语表达出来,这就要根据英文句子的特点和内在联系进行意译,不能直译的长句主要有三种处理方法。
1. 根据句子内在的逻辑关系和汉语的表达习惯进行翻译。例如:
There are advantages to underground life, too, and something to be said for imaging whole cities, even mankind generally, moving downward, of h***ing the outermost mile of the Earth's crust honeycombed with passage and strue-ture, like a gigantic ant hill.
这是一个倒装句,表示设想条件与结果关系,按这一关系来译比直译好,家似的建筑物,一座座城市都迁入地下,甚至全人类都迁入地下生活,这也会给人类带来很多好处。
The chances are that the dwellers of the new c***es would see more greenery, under ecologically healthier conditi, than dwellers of surface cities do today.
这个句子并不复杂,但不好译。这个句子有三层关系,比较、条件和结果,按这种逻辑关系翻译就十分省
事。
'同今天地面城市里的居民相比,新洞穴里的居民如果在比较健康的生态环境中生活,会有更多的机会见到青枝绿叶。'
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