译成汉语的被动语态
英语中的许多被动句也可以翻译成汉语的被动句,句中经常使用汉语中表示被动意义的一些标志词,如“被”、“给”、“遭”、“挨”、“为……所”、“使”、“由……”、“受到”等。例如:
1)These signals are produced by colliding stars or nuclear reacti in outer space.
这些讯号是由外层空间的星球碰撞或者核反应所造成的。
2)Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation h***e largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.
多年来,工具和技术本身作为根本性的源泉在很大程度上被科学史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。
3)For a long period to come, most of China’s elderly will continue to be provided for by their families.
在未来很长的一段时间里,中国的老年人仍旧要由他们的家庭来赡养。
宾语从句
1.用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的宾语从句,翻译成汉语的时候,一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。
I told him that because of the last condition, I’d h***e to turn it down.
我告诉他,由于那后一个条件,我只得谢绝。
Can you hear what I say?
你听得到我所讲的吗?
I don’t know that he swam across the river.
我不知道他游过了那条河。
I don’t know how he swam across the river.
同位语从句
能接同位语从句的名词主要有:belief(相信),fact(事实),hope(希望),idea(想法,观点),doubt(怀疑),news(新闻,消息),rumor(传闻),conclusion(结论),evidence(证据),suggestion(建议),problem(问题),order(命令),answer(回答),decision(决定),discovery(发现),explanation(解释),information(消息),knowledge(知识),law(***),opinion(意见,观点),truth(真理,事实),promise(承诺),report(报告),thought(思想),statement(声明),rule(规定)等。3)Nuclearpower’sdangertohealth,safety,andevenlifeitselfcanbesummedupinoneword:radiation。
1.一般来说,同位语从句可以直接翻译在主句后面。
He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.
他表示希望再到中国来访问。
2.有时候在翻译同位语从句时,可以将其放在所修饰的名词前面,相当于前置的修饰语,但不一定使用定语的标志词“的”。这种情况下,同位语从句都是比较简单。
The rumor that he was arrested was unfounded.
关于他被1捕的传闻是没有根据的。
3.增加“即”(或者“以为”)这样的词来连接,或用冒号、破折号直接分开主句和同位语从句。
But this does not in any way alter the fact that they are now, from a practical point of view, irrational.
但这却丝毫改变不了这样一个事实,即从实用的观点来看,他们今天仍是不合理的。
We h***e reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion for testing truth.
我们已经得出这样的结论:实践是检验真理的标准。
Not long ago, the scientists made an exciting discovery that this waste material could be turned into plastics.
不久前,科学家们获得一个令人振奋的发现――可以把这种废物变成塑料。
下面为大家整理了科技英语的翻译技巧,供广大译员学习。
科技文章中经常使用若干特定的句型,从而形成科技文体区别于其他文体的标志。例如It——that——结构句型;被动态结构句型;结构句型,分词短语结构句型,省略句结构句型等。
举例如下:
It is evident that a well lubricated bearing turns more easily than a dry one.
显然,润滑好的轴承,比不润滑的轴承容易转动。
It seems that these two branches of science are mutually dependent and interacting.
看来这两个科学分支是相互依存,相互作用的。
It was not until the 19th century that heat was cidered as a form of energy.
直到十九世纪人们才认识到热是能量的一种形式。
Computers may be classified as analog and digital.
计算机可分为模拟计算机和数字计算机两种。
The switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened three times.
新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了三分之二。(或——缩短为三分之一。)
This steel alloy is believed to be the best ***ailable here .
人们认为这种合金钢是这里能提供的1好的合金钢。
Electromagnetic w***es tr***el at the same speed as light.
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