作为新闻翻译，我们每天将选出的稿件逐字逐句快速准确地翻译成中文，及时发送给相关的编辑室，这就是我们的任务。但是，我们现在有越来越多的稿件是要求编译的。新闻编译（translation and editing 或translation and transcription）是新闻翻译工作的一部分，被通讯社、报纸、***等媒体广泛采用。顾名思义，新闻编译是通过翻译和编辑的手段将英文稿件翻译编辑成中文稿件。它包含着翻译和编辑两个成分，而这两者常常交织在一起，同时进行不分先后。
编译是与“全译”相对而言。全译是将英文原稿逐字逐句全文译出，而编译则不同，编译是重组。有些稿件之所以需要编译，有几种原因：一是原稿篇幅太长，而我们的报纸版面和时间都有限，容纳不下全文，也来不及逐字翻译全文；二是原文内容重复松散，有些新闻内容没有必要重复传播，浪费宝贵的版面；三是，原文中的有些内容不宜在国内传播。因此，我们需要对新闻和信息有选择地进行翻译和编辑，以便***快速***地利用我们的媒体，将重要而简洁的信息传递给读者，给读者提供***优质的服务。
编译稿件分两种情况：一是对一条稿子进行编译；二是对内容相关的几条稿件编译成一条中文稿件。
广义地讲，摘译和节译都是编译的范畴，但是编译又不完全等同于摘译和节译。经过删减过的稿件，可以算是摘译或节译，也就是说只翻译英文稿件中某些段落或某些句子。但是编译对翻译来说不是这么简单。
在开始编译之前，翻译人员必须把拿到手的一篇或几篇英文原稿浏览一遍，弄清楚每篇新闻的***和它们总的新闻主题。译者可以对原稿进行适当删减，也可以颠倒段落的先后顺序，甚至进行必要的编辑和加工，也就是重组，目的是让编译后的中文译稿新闻内容更集中、更精练、更可读，更适于见诸报端，便于读者阅读和理解。
通常编译稿件之前都事先确定好了新闻主题，围绕已设定的主题，一边翻译，一边编辑，一次完成，根本不需要把英文稿件全文译出，然后再作删减，之后编辑完成，因此，编译稿件需要有较强的英文阅读能力和分析能力以及新闻敏***，当然汉语表达和***能力也是至关重要的。
外电、外报稿件一般都比较长，内容丰富，背景材料很多。我们的媒体版面有限，加上读者不习惯于阅读长篇消息，所以把消息编译成几百字的篇幅为好。
删繁就简是翻译在编译过程中的必要任务。大家都知道，英文消息一般采用“倒金字塔”体例，所以通常从稿件***后往前删节就行。
在编译新闻时应遵循以下原则：
一， 编译新闻虽有一定的自由和灵活度，但仍然要忠于原文忠于原意，不能扭曲原文意思。但有时候为了帮助读者更好地理解新闻，适当提供背景资料是可以的。
二， 为译文流畅，增加可读性，翻译人员可以适当增加非实质性词句，以承上启下，平稳连接段落与段落。
三， 编译允许删掉某些不重要的内容，因为有些内容是外国记者认为重要的，而对于国内读者并非如此。
四， 编译的标题和导语一定要鲜明且准确。
五， 编译过程中，如果原稿有直接引语而编译后的稿件留用直接引语，必须如实翻译。有时可将直接引语改为间接引语，但反之不然。
例如, 用下面两条英文消息编译成一条600字以内的中文消息：
Washington, July 2 (Reuters)—A U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter with at least six people on board has been shot down by ***all arms fire in Iraq, U.S. military officials said on Wednesday.
One official at the Pentagon said the UH-60 helicopter was shot down near Karbala, 50 miles south of Baghdad, early on Tuesday, killing seven and wounding four on board.
U.S. Central Command in Tampa, Florida, issued a statement confirming the Black Hawk crashed at about 7 on Wednesday, but it said initial reports put the number of people on board at six.
The Central Command statement said there was no confirmation of casualties.
There was no immediate explanation for the discrepancies in information from the Pentagon and from the Central Command.
The Pentagon official said search and rescue personnel were at the scene where the craft came down, adding: “They were pulling people out.” The Black Hawk had been carrying 11 personnel, the official said.
The Black Hawk was the second U.S. helicopter lost in combat since U.S. and British forces invaded Iraq. An apache gunship went down last week and its two crew members were captured by Iraqi forces.
Armed with Global Position System equipment and advanced ***ionics, the Black Hawk is the Army’s primary assault and utility helicopter. It can perform a variety of missi***, including air c***alry, electronic warfare and aero-medical evacuation. It can carry a squad of 11 combat troops, or a 105mm M02 howitzer and a six-person crew.
Washington, July 2 (Reuters)—Iraq shot down a U.S. N***y F/A-18C Hornet with a surface-to-air missile Wednesday, military official said.
There was no immediate word on the fate of the pilot. Statements released from U.S. Central Command said the twin-engine jet, flying from the aircraft carrier USS Kitty Hawk, went down at about 3:45pm.
The plane went down near Karbala, a city about 50 miles south of Baghdad where fighting raged between U.S. Army forces and the Iraq Republican Guard. Iraqi forces shoot down an Army Black Hawk helicopter in the same area Wednesday.
Lt. Brook Dewalt, A spoke***an for the Kitty Hawk, said the Hornet had flown a bombing mission over northern Iraq Wednesday. Other planes flying over Iraq at the same time reported seeing surface-to-air missiles and anti-aircraft artillery fire in the same area in which the plane disappeared.
Central Command said the downing is being investigated. Officials would not comment on search and rescue operati***, but both Central Command statements said the military is committed to accounting for all coalition personnel.
It was the first American fighter jet shot down during the war on Iraq. The Iraqis h***e downed several pilotless surveillance drones.
N***y and Marine pilots fly the F/A-18 Hornet from aircraft carriers. The supersonic jets are armed with a 20mm cannon and can carry a wide range of bombs and missiles.
The easily maneuverable Hornet can operate as a fighter jet, shooting down enemy planes, or as an attack plane, bombing targets.
美军“***”、“***蜂”双双被击落
（路透社华盛顿7月2日电）美国军方今天说，伊拉克用地对空***击落了一架美国***F/A-18“***蜂”战斗攻击机和美国***的一架“***”直升机。战斗机上飞行员生死不明，直升机上11人中7人***，4人受伤。
美军***司令部发表声明说，“***蜂”战机是从“小鹰”号航空母舰起飞的，于周三下午3时45分在巴格达以南50英里的卡尔巴拉市附近坠毁。
声明说，这是对伊***开始以来首架被击落的美军战斗机。此前，伊拉克曾击落过几架无人驾驶侦察机。
“***蜂”战机以航空母舰为基地，机动性很强，既可作为战斗机攻击地方飞机，也可作为攻击机***地面目标。
***司令部还证实，一架“***”直升机当天也在同一地区坠毁。
五角大楼的一位官员说，救援工作正在进行。
这架“***”直升机是***伊拉克以来被击落的第二架美军直升机。上星期一架阿帕奇直升机坠毁，两名机组人员被俘。
“***”直升机装备了******系统和***的电子控制系统，是美军的主力攻击机和多用途直升机。
可以看出，经过编译的中文消息主题突出，即美军损失惨重，两架***飞机坠毁，并突出交代了事件发生的时间和地点以及人员***情况。这样使读者用很短的时间可以了解更多的重要消息。
往往重大国际事件、突发事件、国际会议以及重要讲话等需要进行编译。翻译人员不仅应具有较高的翻译水平，而且还要具备熟练的编译水平。只要刻苦学习，认真钻研，经过几次的实践，就会成为编译能手，适应新形势的需要。（作者 采平）
