管柱脱落的故障现象是：运行电流很低，基本上是电机的空载电流，除了有一股一股的气外，井口基本上无产液，正发循环时油套连通。The failure phenomenon of the string is: the running current is very low, basically the motor's no load current. Besides the gas with a single strand of gas, the wellhead basically has no liquid production, and the oil sleeve is connected when circulating.减少管柱脱落的措施有：将油管上扣扭矩由原来的值提高到值；采用油管螺纹垫片；定子上的装卸短节采用防松螺纹连接；采用油管锚或张力封隔器固定螺杆泵。The measures to reduce the falling off of the pipe string are as follows: increase the torque from the original value to the maximum value; use the oil pipe screw gasket; the loading and unloading joint on the stator is connected by loosening screw thread; and use the oil pipe anchor or tension packer to fix the screw pump.



Ｄ、限位器D, limiting device限位器为一个底部带限位板和流通通道的短节，接在定子的尾部，其作用是施工作业时给转子限位以防止下入过头而失去作用和杆柱脱落时防止杆柱掉入井底。The limiting device is a short section with bottom limit plate and distribution channel, which is connected to the tail of the stator. Its function is to limit the rotor to the rotor during ctruction1, so as to prevent it from falling into the overhead and lose its function and prevent the rod from falling into the bottom when the rod string falls off.



Ｅ、抽油杆扶正器E, sucker rod centralizer抽油杆扶正器由心轴和扶正筒组成，它接在两根抽油杆之间，被卡在两个抽油杆接箍之间。心轴也就是一要极短的抽油杆短节。扶正筒是一个内孔比心轴大１ＭＭ左右的空心塑料筒，外部有四个略比油管内径小的扶正翼，采取浇注成型。扶正筒可以围绕心轴转动，防止抽油杆旋转时与内壁接触而磨蚀油管，又可以让流体通过。The sucker rod centralizer is composed of the heart shaft and the upright cylinder, which is connected between the two sucker rods and is stuck between the two sucker rod hoops. The axis of the heart is also an extremely short rod short section. The centering cylinder is a hollow plastic tube inner hole Bixin shaft around 1MM, external four slightly ***aller than the diameter of the tubing centralizer wing, adopt casting. The centralizer can revolve around the axis to prevent the sucker rod from touching the inner wall when it rotates, and it can also let the fluid pass through.



现将在现场采用同规格的G型单螺杆泵及齿轮泵在完全相同工况条件下并在输送出口压力为1 MPa时进行了简单的对比,测量了这样两组数据:当输送重油粘度约为75×102-6m2/ s时,齿轮泵出口压力表的指针跳动幅度为±0.16,三螺杆泵出口压力表的指针跳动幅度为±0.05,双螺杆泵出口压力表的指针跳动的幅度为±0.04 ;而当输送重油粘度约为150×102-6m2/ s时,齿轮泵出口压力表的指针跳动幅度为±0.22,三螺杆泵出口压力表的指针跳动的幅度为±0.06,双G型单螺杆泵出口压力表的指针跳动的幅度为±0.04。这说明,G型单螺杆泵在重油的输送和喷燃过程中,介质的输送压力很稳定。并且随着介质粘度的加大,G型单螺杆泵(尤其是双螺杆泵)的无脉动特点相比之下更为明显。