德国KAYSEN凯森进口增氧机概述增氧机是一种常被应用于渔业养殖业的机器。它的主要作用是增加水中的氧气含量以确保水中的鱼类不会缺氧，同时也能***水中***的生长，防止池水变质威胁鱼类生存环境。增氧机一般是靠其自带的空气泵将空气打入水中，以此来实现增加水中氧气含量的目的。增氧机种类：叶轮式增氧机具有增氧、搅水、爆气等综合作用，是目前***多采用的增氧机，年产值约15万台，其增氧能力、动力效率均优于其他机型，但是运转噪声较大，一般用于水深1米以上的大面积的池塘养殖。水车式增氧机具有良好的增氧及促进水体流动的效果，适用于淤泥较深，面积l000～2540㎡的池塘使用。射流式增氧机其增氧动力效率超过水车式、充气式、喷水式等形式的增氧机，其结构简单，能形成水流，搅拌水体。射流式增氧机能使水体平缓地增氧，不损伤鱼体，适合鱼苗池增氧使用[8]。喷水式增氧机具有良好的增氧功能，可在短时间内迅速提高表层水体的溶氧量，同时还有艺术观赏效果，适用于园林或旅游区养鱼池使用。充气式增氧机水越深效果越好，适合于深水水体中使用。吸入式增氧机通过负压吸气把空气送入水中，并与水形成涡流混合把水向前推进，因而混合力强。它对下层水的增氧能力比叶轮式增氧机强，对上层水的增氧能力稍逊于叶轮式增氧机[4]。涡流式增氧机：主要用于北方冰下水体增氧，增氧效率高[4]。增氧泵因其轻便、易操作及单一的增氧功能，故一般适合水深在0.7米以下，面积在0.6亩以下的鱼苗培育池或温室养殖池中使用[5]。随着渔业需求的不断细化和增氧机技术的不断提高，出现了许多新型的增氧机，诸如：涌喷式增氧机、***增氧机[9]等多种规格的增氧机。主要特点：●独特的混气室设计，吸入空气量多，混合效果好，氧利用率高；●气水混合液以特殊的角度从混气室中排出，可使水流成螺旋状水平方向并继而向***动，在曝气的同时兼有搅拌作用；●机体沉入水中运行，无噪音。进气管出水面可加***装置，增强消音效果。主要应用：对池塘改善主要表现在：当鱼池缺氧时开增氧机，可预防鱼虾“浮头”。当晴天上层溶氧高时开机，可加速水体的对流，提高水体中、下层的溶氧，有利于鱼虾快速生长，降低饵料系数，促进有机物的氧化分解，减少病害的发生。另外，水体的循环流动，还促进浮游生物的繁殖生长，提高池塘初级生产力。可见，增氧机的作用，不仅是对水体增氧，还有效促进池塘初级生产力和自净能力的提高，从而改善了池塘水质和生态环境。其产生的水循环流动不适合某些养殖对象如鳗、虾的生活习性，但对促进鱼虾健康、快速生长具有良好的作用。养虾场配置增氧机的配置量的主要决定于水源状况、养殖密度、总进排水耗能等情况。水源状况：水源是否丰富，水质是否一直保持良好；如水质良好，可考虑少配，反之则多配，仅在水质好时多换水。养殖密度即亩产：高则多配，低则少配。排水耗能情况：若进排水能耗较少，增氧机可考虑少配；能耗较大，配置量应较大。经济分析：考虑电费、虾价相对比值，如当地电费相对较高而虾售价相对较低，则考虑少配；反之则多配。注意事项：科学养鱼的今天，许多养鱼户使用池塘增氧机缺乏科学性，直接影响增氧机的使用效果。合理使用增氧机可有效增加池水中的溶氧量，加速池塘水体物质循环，消除***物质，促进浮游生物繁殖。同时可以预防和减轻鱼类浮头，防止泛池以及改善池塘水质条件，增加鱼类摄食量及提高单位面积产量。1.如何确定类型确定装载负荷一般考虑水深、面积和池形。长方形池以水车式***佳，正方形或圆形池以叶轮式为好；叶轮式增氧机每千瓦动力基本能满足3.8亩水面成鱼池塘的增氧需要，4.5亩以上的鱼池应考虑装配两台以上的增氧机。2.安装位置增氧机应安装于池塘***或偏上风的位置。一般距离池堤5m以上，并用插杆或抛锚固定。安装叶轮式增氧机时应保证增氧机在工作时产生的水流不会将池底淤泥搅起。另外，安装时要注意安全用电，做好安全使用保护措施，并经常检查维修。3.开机和运行时间增氧机一定要在安全的情况下运行，并结合池塘中鱼的放养密度、生长季节、池塘的水质条件、天气变化情况、和增氧机的工作原理、主要作用、增氧性能、增氧机负荷等因素来确定运行时间，做到起作用而不浪费[5]。正确掌握开机的时间，需做到“六开三不开”。即，“六开”：1）晴天时午后开机；2）阴天时次日清晨开机；3）阴雨连绵时半夜开机；4）下暴雨时上半夜开机；5）温差大时及时开机[7]；6）特殊情况下随时开机。“三不开”：1）早上日出后不开机；2）傍晚不开机；3）阴雨天白天不开机。在出现天气突变或由于水肥鱼多等原因引起鱼类浮头时，可灵活掌握开机时间，防止浮头或泛塘发生。4.定期检修为了安全作业，必须定期对增氧机进行检修。电动机、减速箱、叶轮、浮子都要检修，对已受到水淋浸蚀的接线盒，应及时更换，同时检修后的各部件应放在通风、干燥的地方，需要时再装成整机使用。GermanyKAYSENimportedaeratoroverviewAnaeratorisamachinethatisoftenusedinfishfarming.Itsmainfunctionistoincreasetheoxygencontentinthewatertoensurethatthefishinthewaterwillnotbedeficientinoxygen,andatthesametime,itcaninhibitthegrowthofanaerobicbacteriainthewaterandpreventthedeteriorationofthewaterfromthreateningthelivingenvironmentofthefish.Aeratorsgenerallyusetheairpumpthatcomeswiththemtodriveairintothewatertoincreasetheoxygencontentinthewater.Typeofaerator:ImpelleraeratorIthasthecombinedfuncti***ofaeration,wateragitationandgasexplosion.Itisthemostwidelyusedaerator.Theannualoutputvalueisabout150,000units.Itsoxygen-enhancingcapacityandpowerefficiencyarebetterthanothermodels,buttheoperationnoiseisrelativelylarge.Itisusedforlarge-scalepondculturewithawaterdepthof1mormore.WaterwheelaeratorIthasgoodoxygen-enhancingeffectandpromotestheflowofwater.Itissuitableforpondswithdeepsludgeandanareaof​​1000to2540m2.JetaeratorTheaerationmachinehasanaerobicpowerefficiencyexceedingthatofawatertanktype,agas-filledtype,awaterspraytype,etc.,andhasasimplestructure,canformawaterflow,andstirsawaterbody.Thejetaeratorcangentlyaeratethewaterbodywithoutdamagingthefishbodyandissuitableforaerobicuseinthefrypond[8].WatersprayaeratorIthasagoodoxygen-enhancingfunction,whichcanquicklyincreasethedissolvedoxygencontentofthesurfacewaterbodyinashorttime,andalsohasanartisticviewingeffect,whichissuitableforuseingardensortouristareas.InflatableaeratorThedeeperthewater,thebettertheeffect,suitableforuseindeepwaterbodies.SuctionaeratorTheairissenttothewaterbyvacuumsuction,andvortexismixedwiththewatertopushthewaterforward,sothatthemixingforceisstrong.Ithasstrongeroxygen-enhancingabilitytothelowerlayerwaterthantheimpeller-typeaerator,andtheoxygen-enhancingabilityoftheupperlayerwaterisslightlylowerthanthatoftheimpeller-typeaerator[4].Eddycurrentaerator:ItismainlyusedforoxygenationintheunderwaterwaterbodyofNorthChina,andhashighoxygenefficiency[4].AerationpumpBecauseofitslightweight,easyoperationandsingleaerationfunction,itisgenerallysuitableforuseinfrybreedingpondsorgreenhouseculturepondswithawaterdepthoflessthan0.7mandanareaof​​lessthan0.6mu[5].Withthecontinuousrefinementoffisherydemandandthecontinuousimprovementofaeratortechnology,manynewtypesofaeratorsh***eemerged,suchassurgeaerationaerators,sprayaerators[9],etc.machine.mainfeature:●Uniquemixingchamberdesign,theamountofinhaledairishigh,themixingeffectisgood,andtheoxygenutilizationrateishigh;●Thegas-watermixtureisdischargedfromthemixingchamberataspecialangle,sothatthewaterflowsinaspiralhorizontaldirectionandthenflowsupward,andagitatingatthesametimeasaeration;●Thebodyissubmergedinwaterandhasnonoise.Amufflercanbeaddedtotheoutletsurfaceoftheintakepipetoenhancethenoisereductioneffect.mainapplication:ImprovementtothepondMainlymanifestedin:Whenthefishpondisdeficientinoxygen,theaeratorisinstalledtopreventthefishandshrimpfrom"floatinghead".Whentheupperlayerdissolvesoxygenonthesunnyday,itcanacceleratetheconvectionofthewaterbodyandincreasethedissolvedoxygeninthemiddleandlowerlayersofthewaterbody,whichisbeneficialtotherapidgrowthoffishandshrimp,reducethefeedcoefficient,promotetheoxidativedecompositionoforganicmatter,andreducetheoccurrenceofdiseases.Inaddition,thecirculationofwaterbodiesalsopromotesthegrowthandgrowthofplanktonandincreasestheprimaryproductivityofponds.Itcanbeseenthattheroleoftheaeratorisnotonlytoincreasetheoxygeninthewater,butalsotoeffectivelyimprovetheprimaryproductivityandself-purificationcapacityofthepond,therebyimprovingthewaterqualityandecologicalenvironmentofthepond.Thewatercirculationgeneratedbyitisnotsuitableforthelivinghabitsofsomeculturedobjectssuchascricketsandshrimps,butithasagoodeffectonpromotingthehealthyandrapidgrowthoffishandshrimp.ShrimpfarmconfigurationTheconfigurationoftheaeratorismainlydeterminedbythestatusofthewatersource,thedensityoftheculture,andtheenergyc***umptionofthetotalintakeanddrainage.Watersourcestatus:Whetherthewatersourceisabundantandwhetherthewaterqualityhasbeenmaintainedwell;ifthewaterqualityisgood,itmaybec***ideredtobelessmatched,andviceversa.Ifthewaterqualityisgood,changethewatermore.Thedensityofbreedingismuproduction:highismore,butlowisless.Drainageenergyc***umption:Iftheenergyc***umptionofintakeanddrainageisless,theaeratorcanbec***ideredless;theenergyc***umptionislargerandtheconfigurationshouldbelarger.Economicanalysis:C***idertherelativeratioofelectricityandshrimpprices.Ifthelocalelectricitytariffisrelativelyhighandtheshrimppriceisrelativelylow,c***iderlessallocation;Precauti***:Today,scientificfishfarming,manyfishfarmersusepondaeratorslackofscience,directlyaffectingtheuseofaerators.Reasonableuseofaeratorscaneffectivelyincreasetheamountofdissolvedoxygeninthepoolwater,acceleratethecirculationofwaterinthepond,eliminateharmfulsubstances,andpromotethereproductionofplankton.Atthesametime,itcanpreventandreducefishfloatingheads,preventfloodingandimprovepondwaterqualityconditi***,increasefishfoodintakeandincreaseproductionperunitarea.1.HowtodeterminethetypeDeterminingtheloadingloadgenerallytakesintoaccountwaterdepth,areaandpoolshape.Therectangularpoolisthebestinthewaterwheeltype,andthesquareorcircularpoolisbetterintheimpellertype;theimpeller-typeaeratorcanbasicallymeettheoxygenationrequirementofthe3.8musurfacefishpondperkilowatt,andthefishpondabove4.5mushouldbec***ideredforassembly.Morethantwoaerators.2.InstallationlocationTheaeratorshouldbeinstalledinthecenterofthepondorintheupperwind.Generally,itismorethan5mawayfromthebankandfixedbyaplungeroranchor.Wheninstallingtheimpelleraerator,itshouldbeensuredthatthewatergeneratedbytheaeratorduringoperationdoesnotagitatethesludgeatthebottomofthetank.Inaddition,payattentiontosafeuseofelectricityduringinstallation,takegoodprotectivemeasuresforsafety,andcheckmaintenancefrequently.3.BootandruntimeTheaeratormustbeoperatedundersafeconditi***,combinedwiththestockingdensityofthefishinthepond,thegrowingseason,thewaterqualityconditi***ofthepond,theweatherconditi***,andtheworkingprincipleoftheaerator,themainfunction,theaerationperformance,andtheaeration.Factorssuchasmachineloaddeterminetherunningtimeanddoitwithoutwaste[5].Tocorrectlymasterthetimeofbooting,youneedtodo“sixopenandthreeopen”.Thatis,"sixopen":1)bootingintheafternoononasunnyday;2)bootingintheearlymorningonacloudyday;3)bootinginthemiddleofthenightwhentherainisraining;4)bootinginthemiddleofthenightwhentherainishe***y;5)turningonthepowerwhenthetemperaturedifferenceislarge[7];6)Turnonthephoneatanytimeunderspecialcircumstances."Threedoesnotopen":1)Donotturnonaftermorningsunrise;2)Donotturnonintheevening;3)Donotturnonduringtherainydays.Whenthereisasuddenchangeintheweatherorduetowater,fertilizer,fish,etc.,thefishcanbefloated,andtheboottimecanbeflexiblycontrolledtopreventfloatingheadsorfloodplains.4.RegularmaintenanceInordertooperatesafely,theaeratormustbeinspectedregularly.Themotor,gearbox,impellerandfloatshouldbeinspected.Thejunctionboxthathasbeenerodedbywatershouldbereplacedintime.Atthesametime,thepartsaftermaintenanceshouldbeplacedinaventilatedanddryplace,andtheninstalledasawholemachinewhenneeded.)