IS200DAMAG1BCB咨询***：18506919598（卢工）***：3127821953.对刀方法及其特点立式铣加工中心XY方向对刀和Z方向对刀的方法以及对刀仪器是不相同的,下面把它们区分开来进行描述。在实际对刀之前,要确保机床已经返回了机床参考点(机床参考点是数控机床上的一个固定基准点),各坐标轴回零,这样才能建立起机床坐标系,对刀以后才能将机床坐标系和编程坐标系有机的结合起来。3.1XY方向对刀XY方向机内对刀主要有寻边器对刀、试切法对刀和杠杆百分表对刀等几种方法。3.1.1寻边器对刀寻边器对刀精度较高,操作简便﹑直观﹑应用广泛。采用寻边器对刀要求***基准面应有较好的表面粗糙度和直线度,确保对刀精度。常用的寻边器有标准棒(结构简单、成本低、校正精度不高)﹑机械寻边器(要求主轴转速设定在500左右)(精度高、无需维护、成本适中)和光电寻边器(主轴要求不转)(精度高,需维护,成本较高)等。在实际加工过程中考虑到成本和加工精度问题一般选用机械寻边器来进行对刀找正。图2为机械寻边器简图。当工件原点在工件中心时通常采用对称分中法进行对刀,其步骤如下:(1)装夹工件,将机械寻边器装上主轴;(2)在MDI模式下输入S500M03并启动,使主轴转速为S500;(3)用“手轮”方式,通过不断改变倍率使机械寻边器靠近工件X负向表面(操作者左侧),测量记录X1,同样运动机械寻边器至工件X正向表面(操作者右侧),测量记录X2(测量记录X值时,必需到POS-->综合-->机械坐标系中读取);(4)采用同样的方法分别在Y正向(远离操作者)负向(正对操作者)表面找正,记录Y1、Y2;(5)计算(X1+X2)/2,(Y1+Y2)/2,分别将计算结果填入OFFSETSETTING-->坐标系-->G54的X和Y中;(6)提升主轴,在MDI模式下运行“G90G54G0X0Y0”,检查找正是否正确。当工件原点在工件某角(两棱边交接处),其步骤如下:(1)如果四边均为精基准,或者要求被加工形状与工件毛坯有较高的位置度要求,采用先对称分中,后平移原点的方法;(2)只有两个侧面为精基准时,采用单边推算法。3.1.2试切法对刀试切法对刀方法简单,但会在工件上留下痕迹,对刀精度较低,适用于零件粗加工时的对刀。其对刀方法与机械寻边器相同。3.1.3杠杆百分表对刀杠杆百分表的对刀精度较高,但是这种操作方法比较麻烦,效率较低,适应于精加工孔(面)对刀,而在粗加工孔则不宜使用。对刀方法为:用磁性表座将杠杆百分表吸在加工中心主轴上,使表头靠近孔壁(或圆柱面),当表头旋转一周时,其指针的跳动量在允许的对刀误差内,如0.02mm,此时可认为主轴的旋转中心与被测孔中心重合,输入此时机械坐标系中X和Y的坐标值到G54中。3.2Z方向对刀考虑到对刀的工艺性,通常将工件的上表面作为工件坐标系Z方向的原点。当零件的上表面比较粗糙不能用做对刀精基准时,也有以虎钳或工作台为基准作为工件坐标系Z方向的原点,然后在G54或扩展坐标系中向上补正工件高度填入。Z方向机内对刀主要有Z向测量仪对刀、对刀块对刀和试切法对刀等几种方法。3.2.1Z向测量仪对刀Z向测量仪对刀精度较高,特别在铣削加工中心多把刀具在机上对刀时,对刀效率较高,***少,适合于单件零件加工。图3为Z向测量仪的简图。3.2.1.1加工中心单刀加工时Z向对刀加工中心单刀加工,类似于数控铣床对刀不存在长度补偿的问题,步骤如下:(1)换上将用于加工的刀具;(2)运动刀具到工件正上方,用Z向测量仪测量工件与刀具之间的距离,记录下当前机床(机械)坐标系的Z轴读数Z;(3)将Z值扣除此时Z向测量仪的高度(如50.03mm),然后将测量值填入OFFSETSETTING-->坐标系-->G54的Z项中;(4)运行G90G54G0X0Y0Z100;检查找正是否正确。3.2.1.2加工中心多刀加工时Z向对刀和长度补偿方法一(1)XY方向找正设定如前,将G54中的XY项输入偏置值,Z项值零;(2)将用于加工的刀具T1换上主轴,用Z向测量仪找正Z向值,记录下当前机床坐标系Z项值Z1,扣除Z向测量仪高度后,填入长度补偿值H1中;ModiconTSXP57453AMTSXPremium574X3AFIPProcessorPLCModuleTSXP57453AMModicon140NOL91110I/FModuleLonworksTP/XF-78TSXQuantumPLCSchneiderModiconTSXP574823MTSXPremium574X3ETYPortProcessorModuleTSX-P574823MModicon140-MSC-101-00SingleAxis140MSC10100ModiconGouldAS-***84-266484ControllerProgrammableAS***84266PLCModuleModicon/AEGAS-P933-001PowerSupplyASP933001PLCModulePSModiconAS-BADU-214AnalogInputModuleADU-214InASBADU214ADU214ModiconNEWAS-B872-100AnalogCurrentOutputASB872100PLCModuleModicon467-NHP-811-DPProfibus-DPPCMIA3467NHP811DPPLCModuleModiconADU-212/AS-BADU?-212UnivAnaloginBplanePwrADU212ASBADU212AEGSchneiderTSXP47415ProcessorModuleTSXP47415TSX4740ModiconP47415Modicon170AAI14000ProcessorAdapterTSXMomentum171CCS76000I/OBaseModicon140-EHC-105-00HiSpeedCTRTSXQuantumHighSpeedControl140EHC10500Modicon170DNT11000CommunicationAdapterTSXMomentum170-ADM-540-80I/OBaseModiconTSXAEY1600TSXPremiumTSXAEY1600PLCModuleHighLevelAnalogInputModiconTSXETY110WSTSXPremiumTSX57ETWTCP/IPWSModuleETY110WSEthernet5ModiconTSXP57103MTSXPremiumProcessorTSXP57103MPLCModuleCPUTSXP57103Modicon140CRA931-01RIODropS9081CH140CRA93101Modicon/AEGAM-S908-000RemoteI/OProcessorRevB2AMS908000PLCModuleModiconAS-E385-904385MemoryModuleASE385904Modicon416-NHM-212-34ModbusPlusPCMCIATSXQuantumMB+PCMCIA416NHM21234Modicon170-AAO-921-00/?170INT11000TSXMomentum170-INT-110-00170AAO92100Modicon467-NHP-811-00Profibus-DPPCMIA3TSXQuantumMaster12MB/s467NHP81100Modicon140CPS21400DCPS24V8ATSXQuantumPLCAEGSchneider140CPS21400Modicon170-ADI-540-50TSXMomentumI/OBase16PTI/O10-60VDC170-INT-11000COMModiconTSXCTY2ATSXPremiumTSXCTY2APLCModule2ChannelCounterSchneiderModicon140DDI35310DCIn24V4x8SourceTSXQuantumPLCAEGSchneider140DRAModiconAS-H827-107Gould11Slot800SeriesRackModiconTSX-372-1001TSXMicro3721PremiumTSX3721001RackChassisPLCModuleModiconAS-B863-03224VDCMonitoredInputASB863032PLCModuleModiconAS-BCTR-224A120-CompactCounterInputCTR-224Modicon170-ADM-540-80I/OBaseTSXMomentum170ADM540803PTOUTMODBUSGouldAC-1120-000AnalogSetpointModule4-20mADCModiconTSX140XCP90000BatteryModule140XCP90000ModiconTSX-370-5001PLCModuleTSX3705001TSXMicro3705PremiumRackChassisModiconTSX-SUP-1101TSXMicroPremiumTSXSUP1101PowerSupplyPLCModuleSUPPSAEGGouldModiconAS-M680-0088K8KRAMMemoryModuleModiconAS-BVIC-2244Ch24V25KHzCounterInputVIC-224ASBVIC224VIC224PLCModicon140DAI55300115VACInTSXQuantumPLC043502741AEGSchneiderModiconAS-884A-311ProgrammableModbusControllerAS884A311PLCModuleTelemecaniqueTSXRKN52ShortRackModicon8SlotChassisTSX47-4067SchneiderModiconGouldAS-B370-001RegisterOutputASB370001PLCModuleModiconAS-J375-010ModbusAdapterASJ375010PLCModuleBusModiconTSXDSY16S4TSXPremium16TRIACS24-130VAC1AOutputModuleTSX-DSY16S4GouldModiconP451200SeriesI/OProcessorAS-P451-622AEGSchneiderTSXSCM2116CommunicationModuleTSXSCM2116ModiconAS-B846-001AnalogInput800/984ASB846001PLCModuleGouldPE-0001-000PowerSupply115/230VAC1.2APE0001ModiconGouldAS-B375-001AnalogInputModuleASB375001PLCModuleModiconAS-B846-001AnalogMixVoltageInASB846001AEGSchneiderTSXP47455ProcessorModuleTSXP47455TSX4740ModiconP47455Modicon140DRC830-00RelayOut8X1NO/NC140DRC83000ModiconAS-B360-001AEGRelayOutputModuleASB360001Modicon140XBP00600Backplane6SlotTSXQuantumPLCAEGSchneiderRackModiconTSXDSY08R4DProcessorTSXPremiumTSXDSY08R4DRelayPLCModuleModiconTSXSUP1021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