根据淮安INA轴承工作面磨削变质层的形成机理，影响磨削变质层的主要因素是磨削热和磨削力。Accordingtotheformationmechani***ofgrindingmetamorphiclayeronHuaianINAbearingworkingface,themainfactorsaffectinggrindingmetamorphiclayeraregrindingheatandgrindingforce.其次，分析了常州伊犁轴承失效的原因之一。Secondly,oneofthereas***forthefailureofYilibearinginChangzhouisanalyzed.1。轴承磨削热1.Bearinggrindingheat在轴承的磨削过程中，砂轮与工件的接触区消耗大量的能*量，产生大量的磨削热，导致磨削区局部瞬时高温。通过推导、计算或利用线性运动热源传热的理论*公式，或用红外和热电偶法测量实验条件下的瞬时温度，可以发现磨削区的瞬时温度为0.1-0.001ms，***高温度可达100。0.150。0摄氏度。这种瞬时高温足以引起高温氧化、非晶态结构、高温回火、二次淬火，甚至在淮安INA轴承工作表面一定程度的表面上燃烧。Inthegrindingprocessofbearings,thecontactareabetweengrindingwheelandworkpiecec***umesalotofenergyandgeneratesalotofgrindingheat,whichleadstolocalinstantaneoushightemperatureinthegrindingarea.Bydeducing,calculatingorutilizingthetheoreticalformulaofheattransferoflinearmovingheatsource,ormeasuringtheinstantaneoustemperatureunderexperimentalconditi***byinfraredandthermocouplemethod,itcanbefoundthattheinstantaneoustemperatureofgrindingzoneis0.1-0.001ms,andthe***temperaturecanreach100.0.150.0degreesCelsius.Thisinstantaneoushightemperatureisenoughtocausehightemperatureoxidation,amorphousstructure,hightemperaturetempering,secondaryquenching,andevencombustionontheworkingsurfaceofHuaianINAbearingtoacertainextent.（1）表面氧化层(1)Surfaceoxidelayer在瞬间高温的作用下，钢的表面与空气中的氧气反应，形成一层薄薄的氧化铁（20-30nm）。值得注意的是，氧化层的厚度对应于表面磨料变质层的总厚度。结果表明，氧化层厚度与磨削过程直接相关，是衡量磨削质量的重要指标。Undertheactionofinstantaneoushightemperature,thesurfaceofsteelreactswithoxygenintheairtoformathinlayerofironoxide(20-30nm).Itisnoteworthythatthethicknessoftheoxidelayercorrespondstothetotalthicknessofthesurfaceabrasivemetamorphiclayer.Theresultsshowthattheoxidelayerthicknessisdirectlyrelatedtothegrindingprocessandisanimportantindextomeasurethegrindingquality.（2）非晶态结构层(2)Amorphousstructurelayer当工件表面在磨削区高温瞬时熔化时，熔化的金属分子流均匀地覆盖工作表面，迅速冷que母材，形成非常薄的非晶结构。它具有较高的硬度和韧性，但只有10纳*米左右，在精*密磨削中容易去除。Whentheworkpiecesurfacemeltsinstantaneouslyathightemperatureinthegrindingzone,themoltenmetalmoleculeflowuniformlycoverstheworkingsurface,rapidlycoolingthequebasemetal,formingaverythinamorphousstructure.Ithashighhardnessandtoughness,butonlyabout10nanometers.Itiseasytoremoveinprecisiongrinding.（3）回火层(3)Temperinglayer淮安INA轴承磨削区的瞬时高温可以使工件表面在一定程度（10-100nm）内加热到高于工件回火温度的温度。当未达到奥氏体化温度时，随着加热温度的升高，表层逐层产生与加热温度对应的再回火或高温回火***转变，硬度相应降低。加热温度越高，硬度下降越严重。TheinstantaneoushightemperatureinthegrindingzoneofHuaianINAbearingcanheattheworkpiecesurfacetoatemperaturehigherthanthetemperingtemperatureoftheworkpiecetoacertainextent(10-100nm).Whentheaustenitizingtemperatureisnotreached,withtheincreaseofheatingtemperature,thesurfacelayerbylayerproducesre-temperingorhightemperaturetemperingstructuretransformationcorrespondingtoheatingtemperature,andthehardnessdecreasesaccordingly.Thehighertheheatingtemperature,themoreseriousthehardnessdecrease.（4）双淬火层(4)Doublequenchedlayer当磨削区的瞬时高温将工件表面加热到高于奥氏体化温度（AC1）时，该层的奥氏体化***在随后的冷que过程中被重新淬火为马氏体。二次淬火烧*伤的工件在二次淬火层下bi须有一个硬度很低的高温回火层。Whentheinstantaneoushightemperatureinthegrindingzoneheatstheworkpiecesurfaceabovetheaustenitizingtemperature(AC1),theaustenitizedstructureofthelayerisre-quenchedtomartensiteduringthesubsequentcoldqueuingprocess.TheBioftheworkpieceburnedbysecondaryquenchingmusth***eahightemperaturetemperinglayerwithverylowhardnessunderthesecondaryquenchinglayer.（5）磨削裂纹(5)GrindingCracks二次淬火烧*伤可以改变工件表面层的应力。淮安INA轴承二次淬火区处于压缩状态。二次淬火区以下高温回火区的材料具有***大的拉应力，是***易发生裂纹的部位。裂纹***容易沿原始奥氏体晶界扩展。严重烧*伤会导致整个磨削表面出现裂纹（主要是裂纹），导致工件报废。Secondaryquenchingburnscanchangethestressoftheworkpiecesurfacelayer.ThesecondaryquenchingzoneofHuaianINAbearingisincompressionstate.Thematerialinthehightemperaturetemperingzonebelowthesecondaryquenchingzonehas***largetensilestress,whichisthecrack-pronepartof***.Thecrack***iseasytopropagatealongtheoriginalaustenitegrainboundary.Severeburnswillleadtocracks(mainlycracks)onthewholegrindingsurface,leadingtothescrapoftheworkpiece.文章来自：淮安SKF轴承www.wh-Articlefrom:HuaianSKFBearingwww.wh-文章来自：淮安INA轴承a-Articlefrom:HuaianINABearinga-文章来自：淮安NSK轴承Articlefrom:HuaianNSKBearing***：524085168电话：0510-81207777手机：13311666672/13395185757)