在锻造时，金属的脆性杂质被打碎，顺着金属主要伸长方向呈碎粒状或链状分布；塑性杂质随着金属变形沿主要伸长方向呈带状分布，这样热锻后的金属***就具有一定的方向性。Whenforging,thebrittlemetalimpuritiestobebrokendown,themaindirectionofelongationislikeparticlesofmetalorplasticchaindistribution;impuritieswithmetaldeformationdistributedalongthemaindirectionofelongation,soafterhotforgingmetalorganizationhascertaindirection.锻件是金属被施加压力，通过塑性变形塑造要求的形状或合适的压缩力的物件。这种力量典型的通过使用铁锤或压力来实现。锻件过程建造了精致的颗粒结构，并改进了金属的物理属性。Aforgedpieceisanobjectthatisappliedtothemetalbypressuretoshapetherequiredshapeortheappropriatecompressionforcebyplasticdeformation.Thisforceistypicallyachievedbyusingahammerorpressure.Theprocessofforginghasbuiltafineparticlestructureandimprovedthephysicalpropertiesofthemetal.锻造生产加热设备和锻压设备不可少，这些设备释放大量热能，需要我们在通风净化环境中进行。锻造工具种类繁多，也是密集型作业，要求每个技术人员都不能马虎，坚守自己的岗位，嘈杂的环境需要冷静的技师，不能随意操作。Forgedproductionofheatingequipmentandforgingequipmentcannotbeless,thesereleasealargeamountofheatenergy,weneedtocarryoutintheventilationandpurificationenvironment.Therearevariouskindsofforgingtools,whicharealsointensiveoperati.Everytechnicianisnotallowedtobecarelessandsticktotheir.Thenoisyenvironmentneedsacooltechnicianandcannotbearbitrarilyoperated.镦粗是镦粗示意图使毛坯高度减小，横断面积增大的锻造工序。镦粗工序主要用于锻造齿轮坯、圆饼类锻件。镦粗工序可以有效地改善坯料***，减小力学性能的异向性。镦粗与拔长的反复进行，可以改善高合金工具钢中碳化物的形态和分布状态。Upsettingistheforgingprocessthatindicatesthattheblankheightisreducedandthecrosssectionareaisincreased.Theupsettingprocessismainlyusedforforginggearblanksandroundcakeforgings.Theupsettingprocesscaneffectivelyimprovethebilletstructureandreducetheanisotropyofmechanicalproperties.Themorphologyanddistributionofcarbidesinhighalloytoolsteelcanbeimprovedbyrepeatedupsettinganddrawing.)