诚信经营，质量为首，诚信至上，真诚为您服务--------------------------------------------------允许我给您介绍下这个产品和我们的服务：现货全新原装***15天质量问题无条件包退换一年质保完善的***服务雄厚的技术人才后盾真正的为客户排忧解难客户的满意是对我们的肯定更是我们的动力单子,得之,我幸。不得,我力争到底全心服务--------------------------------------------------ABB3HAB7231-1DSQC320优质的产品★优质的价格★优质的***★优质的服务，是您***佳的选择！进入后PC时代以来，伴随着设计和制造技术的发展，集成电路从当初的晶体管集成发展到现在的IP集成，即SoC（SystemonChip）设计技术。促使嵌入式系统渗透到了当今社会中的各个行业，并且发挥越来越重要的作用。嵌入式系统一般可定义为以应用为中心、以计算机技术为基础、软硬件可裁剪、适用于应用系统且对功能、成本、体积、功耗有严格要求的专用计算机系统，它的主要特点是嵌入、应用。随着各种嵌入式设备功能越来越强大，在设备中使用嵌入式操作系统也成为必然。Linux操作系统具有开放源代码、易于移植、资源丰富、免费等特点，在嵌入式领域的地位越来越重要。嵌入式Linux和PC上的Linux是同一套内核代码，只是裁剪的程度不一样，所以，很多在PC上开发的软件，经过交叉编译后可以直接在嵌入式设备上运行。本文主要涉及到Bootloader移植和Linux-2.6.32.2内核的移植、根文件系统移植、在S3C2440平台上构建完整的嵌入式开发平台三个方面。1交叉开发环境的建立在进行嵌入式软件开发之前，必须要在PC上建立ARM的交叉编译环境。交叉编译就是在PC平台上生成可以在ARM平台上运行的代码。其中主要包括ARM的交叉编译器arm-elf-gcc和交叉连接器arm-elf-ld。本文采用的交叉编译器的版本是gcc-3.4.5-glibc-2.3.6。交叉编译流程如图1所示。图1嵌入式系统交叉编译流程2BootLoader引导加载程序BootLoader是一段在系统上电时开始执行的程序，用以初始化硬件设备，准备好软件环境，设置好启动参数，***后引导操作系统，与PC上的BIOS程序相似。当前开放源码的Linux引导程序主要有x86架构的LILO、GRUB，对于ARM架构的主要有Vivi和U-Boot。本文使用U-Boot作为引导程序。U-Boot（UniversalBootLoader），即通用的BootLoader，遵循GPL条款开放源代码。U-Boot相对于Vivi功能更加强大，也更方便后续程序的调试。BootLoader的启动一般分为两个阶段，***阶段的代码主要是用汇编语言编写，主要的功能是完成硬件设备的初始化，为加载第二阶段的代码准备RAM空间，设置好堆栈；第二阶段主要用C语言编写，检测内存映射，将内核映像和根文件系统从NandFlash读到RAM中，为内核启动设置参数，引导内核。U-Boot的源代码可以从ftp://nx.de/pub/u-boot/进行***，本文使用的U-Boot版本是U-Boot2009.08。移植U-Boot的关键步骤如下：（1）首先，将include/configs目录下的***dk2410.h***并改名为mini2440.h，根据U-Boot的说明可以知道，如果要使用开发板board/<board_name>，则先执行“make<board_nAME>”_config命令进行配置，然后执行“makeall”，生成可执行文件。所以，修改U-Boot顶层的Makefile文件，添加下面一行mini2440_config:unconfig@$（MKCONFIG）$（@:_config=）armar***20tmini2440franks3c24x0。这里有几个重要的参数，arm指CPU的架构，ar***20t指CPU的类型，s3c24x0指CPU的型号。这样就可以使用makemini2440_config这条命令进行配置。（2）本文使用的U-Boot是从NandFlash启动的，CPU可以直接访问NandFlash中前4KB代码，利用这4KB代码把U-Boot中绝大部分代码拷贝到内存中[3]。其中下面的代码就是调用C语言中的NandFlash的读写函数，该函数主要把NandFlash中4KB以后的代码***到RAM中。在编写nand_read_ll的函数时，注意参考NandFlash的数据手册，对大页和小页的NandFlash，其读写的命令和时序是不同的。@copyU-BoottoRAMldrr0,=TEXT_BASEFireye61-5042Fireye61-5745-3Fireye65UV5-1000Fireye70D10Fireye70D1072D1R1Fireye70D20Fireye70D30Fireye70D40Fireye70D4072DUVS4Fireye71D10Fireye71D60Fireye71D61Fireye71D70Fireye71D80Fireye71D8070D30Fireye71D81Fireye71D90Fireye71D9070D30Fireye72D1R1Fireye72d1r1/NIBFireye72DIR1Fireye72DIR3Fireye72DRT1Fireye72DUVFireye72DUV1Fireye72DUV1Fireye72DUVS1Fireye72DUVS4Fireye817-2261Fireye8-302Fireye8-530Fireye9007Fireye92510047Fireye93290029Fireye95DSS2Fireye97260021FireyeA855FireyeBLL510FireyeBLPS-300FireyeBLV512FireyeC-130FireyeE1R2FireyeE350-3FireyeE350-6FireyeE500-1FireyeE500-3FireyeEB342FireyeEB700FireyeEB-700FireyeMAUV1tUVFireyeMBHPS100DFireyeMBHPS-100DFireyeMBLPS-100DFireyeMBPS100RFireyeMBUV-300DFireyeEC600FireyeED150-6FireyeED400Fireye***0FireyeED510FireyeED550-2FireyeEP382FireyeEP383FireyeEP390FireyeEPD160FireyeEPD170FireyeEPD260FireyeEPD380FireyeERT1FireyeEUV1FireyeEUV1E110FireyeEUV1UVFireyeEUVS4FireyeEUVS445UV5FireyeFY-EP160FireyeMART1FireyeMart1FFRT4FireyeMART1TFireyeMAUV1FireyeMAUV1UVFireyeMAUV1TFireyeED550-3FireyeED550-6FireyeED560FireyeED580-1FireyeED600FireyeED610FireyeEP113EFireyeEP160FireyeEP1600436-40FireyeEP160EP-160FireyeEP161FireyeEP163FireyeEP170FireyeEP-170FireyeEP170WFireyeEP260FireyeEP261FireyeEP270FireyeEP380FireyeEP381FireyeMEC120DFireyeMEC-120DFireyeMEC120RFireyeMEC120RCFireyeMED1FireyeMED2FireyeMED3FireyeMED4FireyeMED5FireyeMED6FireyeMEIR4FireyeMEP100FireyeMT7-108904FireyeMODELMEC120DFireyeMEP100MP-5101FireyeMEP102FireyeMEP104FireyeMEP230FireyeMEP230HFireyeMEP536FireyeMEP560FireyeMEP561FireyeMERT1FireyeMERT4FireyeMEUV1UVFireyeMEUV4UVFireyeMEUVS4FireyeMP100FireyeMP100EFireyeMP230FireyeMP230HFireyeMP561FireyeMT901FireyeMT20-10FireyeMT3010FireyeMT30-10FireyeMT30-4FireyeMT5-5FireyeMT60-10FireyeMT7-4FireyeMT90-4FireyeNX04-1FireyeNX1466-1FireyeNX3100FireyeNX550FireyePD470D40FireyePS348-3FireyePS348-4FireyePS348-6FireyePS348-7FireyePSA2-5FFireyePSA2-5FFireyePSA12FFireyePSADFireyeP***H12FFireyeP***H30FireyeP***H60FFireyeP***H6FFireyeP***L2-5FFireyeP***L12FFireyeP***L30FireyeP***L6FFireyePXMS-200FireyeTFM-1DFireyeTFM-2FireyeTFM-2A90FireyeTFM-3FireyeTS348-4FireyeR9008M-4001FireyeUV-EYE45UV3FireyeUV-Eye45UV5-1009FireyeTYPE25SU3-4170FireyeUV1A3FireyeUV1A3UVFireyeUV1A3-BFireyeUV1A6FireyeUV-1A-6FireyeUV-2FireyeUV8AFireyeUVM1DFireyeUVM-1DFireyeUVM-1FFireyeUVM2A30FireyeUVM-IFFireyeYB110UVFireyeYB110UVSCFireyeYP100FireyeYP138FireyeZB110IRFireyeZB110UVNPSA-GMDA-401YZ-A2FireyeMBUVS-301DUVFireyeMC120FireyeMC120MART1TMP562FireyeMC230FireyeMEC120Fireye45UV5-1000FireyeC5000-C5099FireyeC7012A106148PT1FireyeCATEB-700/94510021FireyeCHASSISFireyeD40-41FireyeDE601-104EFireyeDE601-104F15-601-935FireyeE100FireyeE110A5E00282175/0739VIMCCNSIEMENSMOORE380A415377-4FMREXROTHVT3006S35R1MooreAPACS39SAMCANAPIPS-3306D-EAPIMAC-B343-GM60ABBDSQC3733HAC3180-1HP/Agilent1813-0644StahlExicomET-125ET-125-RS422EMENSMOORE383VA21N1FNORTHAMERICANMFGH6142-05TRICONEX3601ETRICONEX2658TRICONEX27002700-2TRICONEX3502EALLEN-BRADLEY1756-L55M16/AALLEN-BRADLEY1791-8AC1756-L55M13/A1756-L55M22SiemensSIMATICT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